Bookkeeping core
QuickBooks
What was captured is a privacy statement and nothing else: we found no public information on double-entry bookkeeping, a German chart of accounts, journals, opening balances or a month-end close that locks. A ledger with no documented close is unproven as far as I am concerned, so this sits at the bottom.
Xero
The evidence names modules 'invoicing, payroll, and reporting' and features like reconcile, dashboards and forecasts — but not one word on double-entry, a chart of accounts, journals, opening balances or a period close. A ledger that isn't evidenced doesn't exist; this sits at the anchor-0 floor.